(This section Çelakıl'ın Omar "Building Blocks of the Universe in the Quran" has been prepared through the book. Confirmed the accuracy of findings are presented in this section.)
Koran downloaded age, quantum physics and subatomic particles known. However, the facts indicated to the Quran, as well as in terms of sequences of letters contains indications of past and future sciences. Another example of this at 37 and 39 of the Cave Sura be seen in verses that make up the universe of elementary particles is a miracle that point names and weights. (Allah knows the truth.)
Word "neutron" (the Arabic letters Nun-Te-Re-Nun), all from start to finish in only two verses in the Quran. One of them is 18:39 numbered verses and "neutron mass = 1839 me" is expressed as.
As can be seen, 39 of Surat al-Kahf the weight of the neutron neutron verse clearly indicate the name and number of the verse is. (Allah knows the truth.) Side by side with thousands of other verses do not come from these letters, verse 18:39 word "neutron" emerges.
As the "proton" applies to. Proton letters comprising the word (Arabic: Re-Te-Be-Nun) in the Qur'an more than the number of neutrons pass. However, 37 of Surat al-Kahf verse, ie,18:37 numbered verses, protons, from left to right are the letters comprising the word. The proton mass is "1836-1837 me" and "1837 me" is considered. Therefore, this verse number 18:37 mass of the proton, the "1837 me" to indicate that. (Allah knows the truth.)
* Arabic letter "P", there is no sound, as equivalent to "Be" the letter used.
"Neutron" and "Proton" words in Turkish, English, Arabic and other languages written and read almost the same way. Comprise atoms Another verse that refers to these particles is as follows:
Atom's weight of the ground and in the sky ... nothing away from the Lord (right) does not. Smaller than that, there is no bigger that a Clear Book (registered) or not.(Surah Yunus: 61)
A rubber band shrinks when heated and expands when cooled because of the change in its Entropy state.
Due to the effect of Thermal Expansion, the Eiffel Tower is upto 15cm taller in summer.
Radar is an abbreviation ofRadio Detection And Ranging.
If an atom were the size of a stadium, its electrons would be as small as bees.
Laser is an abbreviation ofLight Amplification byStimulated Emission ofRadiation.
Light does not age.
At 25, Physicist Lawrence Bragg is the youngest person to receive a Nobel Prize.
Atom is over 99.9% empty space.
The most powerful lasers are made with Neodymium-doped Yttrium crystals. In a fraction of a second, they produce more power than the whole United States.
The effect of Relativity made Astronaut Sergei Avdeyev a fraction of a second younger upon his return to Earth after 747 days in space.
The Dead Sea is so dense with salt, you can easily float on it without drowning.
Lake Baikal in Russia contains more water than all the North American Great Lakes combined.
The world's densest wood, theBlack Ironwood (Olea laurifolia), does not float on water and therefore sinks.
The mass of our entire atmosphere is estimated to be some 5.5 quadrillion tons (55 followed by 14 zeros).
The diameter of a proton is approximately 0.000000000001mm (1/25,000,000,000,000in).
The amount of water beneath our ground soil is 50 times as much as all the water in the rivers and lakes combined.
The first ten feet of the ocean hold as much heat as the Earth's entire atmosphere.
The lightning bolt is 3 times hotter than the Sun.
On average, our bodies constantly resist an atmospheric pressure of about 1kg per square cm.
The deepest location on Earth is Mariana Trench, about 11km deep in the North Pacific ocean.
The bark of the redwood tree is fireproof.
If Mount Everest were placed at the bottom of the deepest part of the ocean, its peak would still be a mile underwater.
If given the same mass, our body would actually be hotter than the Sun.
Many physicists believewormholes (a "shortcut" through space and time) exist all around us but they are smaller than atoms.
A solar panel 100 miles by 100 miles (161x161km) in theMojave Desert (USA) could replace all the coal now burned to generate electricity in the entire U.S.
The Atlantic Ocean grows at about the same rate as your fingernails.
If you yelled for 8 years, 7 months and 6 days, you would have produced just enoughsound energy to heat up one cup of coffee.
The average ice berg weighs 20,000,000 tons.
Lightning strikes about 6,000 times per minute on our planet.
A gallon of water weighs 3.8kg (8.34lb).
If an item moves very, very fast, it becomessmaller and heavier.
Minus 40 degrees Celsius is exactly the same temperature as minus 40 degrees Fahrenheit.
The only rock that floats in water is pumice.
Mexico City is sinking at a rate of 46cm (18in) per year as a result of draining water.
25mm (1in) of rain water is equivalent to381mm (15in) of dry, powdery snow.
The oldest and largest clearly visible meteorite crater site in the world is The Vredefort Dome in Free State, South Africa. It is 380km across.
The greatest tide change on earth occurs in the Bay of Fundy. The difference between low tide and high tide can be as great as 16.6m (54ft).
The temperature in fahrenheit can be determined by counting the number of cricket chirps in 14 seconds and adding 40.
The average ocean floor is about 3,600m deep (12000ft).
Sunlight can penetrate clean ocean water to a depth of 73m (240ft)
The North Atlantic gets 2.5cm (1in) wider every year.
Hawaii is moving toward Japan 10cm (4in) every year.
Due to gravitational effects, you weigh slightly less when the Moon is directly overhead.
Lake Baikal is the deepest lake in the world.
When hydrogen burns in the air, water is formed.
Diamonds are the hardest known substance.
Most gemstones contain several elements, except diamond which is all carbon.
When glass breaks, the cracks move at speeds of more than 4,500km/h (3,000mi).
If you could throw a snowball fast enough, it would totally vaporize when it hit a brick wall.
On a clear day, a beam of sunlight can be reflected off a mirror and seen up to 40km away.
Like
many eminent philosophers and mathematicians, Ibn Al-Haytham was a keen
observer. While in a room one day he noticed light coming through a small hole
made in the window shutters. It fell onto the wall opposite and it was the
half-moon shape of the sun’s image during eclipses. He said: ‘The image of the
sun at the time of the eclipse, unless it is total, demonstrates that when its
light passes through a narrow, round hole and is cast on a place opposite to
the hole it takes on the form of a moon-sickle.’
From
his experiments, he explained that light travelled in a straight line and when
the rays were reflected off a bright subject they passed through the small hole
and did not scatter but crossed and reformed as an upside-down image on a flat
white surface parallel to the hole. He then established that the smaller the
hole, the clearer the picture.
*Camera Obscura
His
experimental conclusions were that when the sunlight reached and penetrated the
hole, it made a conic shape at the meeting point with the pinhole, and later
formed another conic shape in reverse to the first one on the opposite wall in
the dark room.
‘Light
issues in all directions opposite any body that is illuminated with any light
[and of course, also opposite any self-luminous body]. Therefore when the eye
is opposite a visible object and the object is illuminated with light of any
sort, light comes to the surface of the eye from the light of the visible
object.’(10th-century
Ibn al-Haytham from his ‘Book of Optics)
In
later stages, these discoveries led to the invention of the camera obscura, and
Ibn Al-Haytham built the first camera, a camera obscura or pinhole camera, in
history. He went on to explain that we see objects upright and not upside-down,
as the camera does, because of the connection of he optic nerve with the brain,
which analyses and defines the image.
During
his practical experiments, Ibn Al-Haytham often used the term al-Bayt
al-Muthim, which was translated into Latin as camera obscura, or dark, private
or closed room or enclosed space. Camera is still used today, as is qamara in
Arabic which still means a private or dark room.
Many
of Ibn Al-Haytham’s works, especially his huge Book of Optics, were translated
into Latin by the medieval scholar Gerard of Cremona. This has a profound
impact on the 13th-century big thinkers like Roger Bacon and Witelo, and even
on the 15th-century works of Leonardo da Vinci.
Today,
the camera has gone from the humble beginnings of Ibn-Al-Haytham’s dark front
room, the qamara, to become a sophisticated digital process, while the study of
optics has blossomed into a whole science covering lasers, optical sectioning
of the human retina and researching red bioluminescence in jelly fish.
The camera is one of
the most powerful instruments ever invented. Still photographs and moving
pictures have provided man the ability to record and display images of every
kind - from the first few cells of a human embryo to galaxies, billions of
light years away. But did you know that the principles, on which all cameras are based, were laid down
around one thousand years ago by the Muslim scientist and philosopher, Ibn Al-Haytham.
He is the most outstanding physicist of the
Middle Ages and wrote over two
hundred scientific works. Although he made important contributions to
mathematics, astronomy, medicine and chemistry, his most outstanding
achievements were in physics and optics. He was the founder of modern physics
in the true sense of the word. He anticipated by six centuries the fertile
ideas that were to mark the outset of this branch of science.
It was Ibn Al-Haytham who first discovered
that light travels in straight lines. In refraction his outstanding contribution was the application
of the rectangle of velocities at the surface of refraction, six centuries
before Isaac Newton (1642 - 1727).
Al-Bayt Al-Muzlim or
camera obscura, the Arabic and Latin words, respectively, for a darkroom, was
the prototype of the modern photographic camera. It worked on the principle
that rays of light, reflected from any illuminated object will pass through a
tiny hole in a dark room and project the image of the object upside-down on a
wall inside the room. It was a revolutionary invention in the field of optics.
The term camera obscura was first used in Western scientific literature by
Joseph Kepler (1571 - 1630).
In the third chapter
of the first volume of Kitab Al-Manazir (The Book of Optics), Ibn Al-Haytham
examines the moon's capacity to emit light without itself being a polished
mirror. This led to the discovery that all coloured bodies emit light, and that
light and colour are virtually identical. In his experiments to prove these
theories he constructed the Al-Bayt Al-Muzlim which consisted of a darkened
room with a small aperture in one wall, through which an inverted image was
projected onto the opposite wall. The viewer was inside the room. This type of
device was also used by Ibn Al-Haytham and his students for their astronomical
studies on sunspots and other solar and lunar phenomena. 500 years later
Geronimo Cardano (1501 -1576), who was influenced by Ibn Al-Haytham, suggested
replacing the small aperture with a lens. Credit for the introduction of a lens
to the camera obscura goes to Giovanni Batista della Porta (1535 - 1615).
Kepler improved it with a negative lens behind the positive lens which enlarged
the projected image (the principle used in the modern telephoto lens). Robert
Boyle (1627 - 1691) was the first to construct a small, portable, box-type
camera obscura in 1665. Artists and architects used the device to give a
realistic perspective to their work. Two scientific principles had to be
combined to make photography possible - one optical, the other chemical. It was
900 years after Ibn Al-Haytham's invention that photographic plates were first
used to permanently capture the image produced by the camera obscura. The first
permanent photograph was taken by Joseph Nicephore Niepce in France in 1827. In
1888, George Eastman developed a convenient, light sensitive film and
introduced the Kodak camera which made possible modern day photography.
In1855, Roger Fenton
used glass plate negatives to take pictures of the British soldiers during the
Crimean War. He developed the plates in his travelling dark room - a converted
wagon.
A version of the
camera obscura was used in the First World War for aircraft spotting and
performance measurement, and in the Second World War for checking the accuracy
of radio navigation devices.
What an irony it is
that a thousand years after Ibn Al-Haytham, his own birth place, Basra, was
destroyed using Tomahawk missiles which are camera-guided. Satellites mapped
the Iraqi terrain using cameras and then transmitted the information to
missiles, fired from the USS Wisconsin, guiding them to their targets.
* Clip from the short film "1001 Inventions and The Library of Secrets". This scene shows Al-Jazari introducing polymath Ibn Al-Haytham, who is knows as "The First Scientist" and "The Father of Optics" P/S: Do change the video quality for a better view.
Abu
Ali al-Hasan ibn al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham (965 in Basra – c. 1040 in Cairo) was
a prominent scientist and polymath from the ‘Golden Age’ of Muslim
civilization. He is commonly referred to as Ibn al-Haytham, and sometimes as
al-Basri, after his birthplace in the city of Basra. He is also known by his
Latinized name of Alhazen or Alhacen.
Ibn
al-Haytham made significant contributions to the principles of optics, as well
as to physics, astronomy, mathematics, ophthalmology, philosophy, visual perception,
and to the scientific method. He was also nicknamed Ptolemaeus Secundus
("Ptolemy the Second") or simply "The Physicist" in
medieval Europe. Ibn al-Haytham wrote insightful commentaries on works by
Aristotle, Ptolemy, and the Greek mathematician Euclid.
Born
circa 965, in Basra, Iraq, he lived mainly in Cairo, Egypt, dying there at age
76. Over-confident about practical application of his mathematical knowledge,
he assumed that he could regulate the floods of the Nile.
After
being ordered by al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, the sixth ruler of the Fatimid
caliphate, to carry out this operation, he quickly perceived the impossibility
of what he was attempting to do, and retired from engineering. Fearing for his
life, he feigned madness and was placed under house arrest, during and after
which he devoted himself to his scientific work until his death.
A
crater on the moon is named in his honor, as is the asteroid 59239 Alhazen.
Nikola Teslawas a
Serbian-born and later naturalized American inventor, electrical engineer,
mechanical engineer, physicist, and futurist best known for his contributions
to the design of the modern alternating current electricity supply system.
Albert Einstein was born at Ulm, in Württemberg, Germany, on March 14, 1879. Six weeks later the family moved to Munich, where he later on began his schooling at the Luitpold Gymnasium. Later, they moved to Italy and Albert continued his education at Aarau, Switzerland and in 1896 he entered the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich to be trained as a teacher in physics and mathematics. In 1901, the year he gained his diploma, he acquired Swiss citizenship and, as he was unable to find a teaching post, he accepted a position as technical assistant in the Swiss Patent Office. In 1905 he obtained his doctor's degree.
During his stay at the Patent Office, and in his spare time, he produced much of his remarkable work and in 1908 he was appointed Privatdozent in Berne. In 1909 he became Professor Extraordinary at Zurich, in 1911 Professor of Theoretical Physics at Prague, returning to Zurich in the following year to fill a similar post. In 1914 he was appointed Director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Physical Institute and Professor in the University of Berlin. He became a German citizen in 1914 and remained in Berlin until 1933 when he renounced his citizenship for political reasons and emigrated to America to take the position of Professor of Theoretical Physics at Princeton*. He became a United States citizen in 1940 and retired from his post in 1945.
After World War II, Einstein was a leading figure in the World Government Movement, he was offered the Presidency of the State of Israel, which he declined, and he collaborated with Dr. Chaim Weizmann in establishing the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
Einstein always appeared to have a clear view of the problems of physics and the determination to solve them. He had a strategy of his own and was able to visualize the main stages on the way to his goal. He regarded his major achievements as mere stepping-stones for the next advance.
At the start of his scientific work, Einstein realized the inadequacies of Newtonian mechanics and his special theory of relativity stemmed from an attempt to reconcile the laws of mechanics with the laws of the electromagnetic field. He dealt with classical problems of statistical mechanics and problems in which they were merged with quantum theory: this led to an explanation of the Brownian movement of molecules. He investigated the thermal properties of light with a low radiation density and his observations laid the foundation of the photon theory of light.
In his early days in Berlin, Einstein postulated that the correct interpretation of the special theory of relativity must also furnish a theory of gravitation and in 1916 he published his paper on the general theory of relativity. During this time he also contributed to the problems of the theory of radiation and statistical mechanics.
In the 1920's, Einstein embarked on the construction of unified field theories, although he continued to work on the probabilistic interpretation of quantum theory, and he persevered with this work in America. He contributed to statistical mechanics by his development of the quantum theory of a monatomic gas and he has also accomplished valuable work in connection with atomic transition probabilities and relativistic cosmology.
After his retirement he continued to work towards the unification of the basic concepts of physics, taking the opposite approach, geometrisation, to the majority of physicists.
Einstein's researches are, of course, well chronicled and his more important works include Special Theory of Relativity (1905), Relativity (English translations, 1920 and 1950), General Theory of Relativity (1916), Investigations on Theory of Brownian Movement (1926), and The Evolution of Physics (1938). Among his non-scientific works, About Zionism (1930), Why War? (1933), My Philosophy(1934), and Out of My Later Years (1950) are perhaps the most important.
Albert Einstein received honorary doctorate degrees in science, medicine and philosophy from many European and American universities. During the 1920's he lectured in Europe, America and the Far East, and he was awarded Fellowships or Memberships of all the leading scientific academies throughout the world. He gained numerous awards in recognition of his work, including the Copley Medal of the Royal Society of London in 1925, and the Franklin Medal of the Franklin Institute in 1935.
Einstein's gifts inevitably resulted in his dwelling much in intellectual solitude and, for relaxation, music played an important part in his life. He married Mileva Maric in 1903 and they had a daughter and two sons; their marriage was dissolved in 1919 and in the same year he married his cousin, Elsa Löwenthal, who died in 1936. He died on April 18, 1955 at Princeton, New Jersey.
Wonder who Albert Einstein was??? Now, you’ve already known him in
details… But does it ever crossed your mind what were his favourite quotes???
These are his favourite quotes,arranged from the #1 to #10.....
1. "A person who never made a mistake never tried anything new."
3. "Science is a wonderful thing if one does not have to earn one's living at it."
4. "The hardest thing in the world to understand is the income tax."
5. "I am convinced that He (God) does not play dice."
6. "Reality is merely an illusion, albeit a very persistent one."
7. "I never think of the future. It comes soon enough."
8. "The only thing that interferes with my learning is my education."
9. "Two things are infinite: the universe and human stupidity; and I'm not sure about the universe." 10. "I know not with what weapons World War III will be fought, but World War IV will be fought with sticks and stones."
Albert Einstein was born at Ulm, in Württemberg, Germany, on March 14, 1879. Six weeks later the family moved to Munich, where he later on began his schooling at the Luitpold Gymnasium. Later, they moved to Italy and Albert continued his education at Aarau, Switzerland and in 1896 he entered the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich to be trained as a teacher in physics and mathematics. In 1901, the year he gained his diploma, he acquired Swiss citizenship and, as he was unable to find a teaching post, he accepted a position as technical assistant in the Swiss Patent Office. In 1905 he obtained his doctor's degree.